General Principles Of A Leader - 1298 Words

There can never be a step-by-step guide for how to be a leader. The world is so varied and the situations that call for leadership so wide-ranging that one approach can never work in all cases. This means that a leader must be able to adjust his or her approach based on the circumstances. However, despite the lack of a universal â€Å"right way† to be a leader, there are general principles of leadership that have broad applicability and will make a leader more successful in any situation. The most important of these principles are for the leader to understand the domain, respect people, and set and maintain focus even in the face of obstacles. One quality that makes a leader effective understanding of domain. A domain is the context in which†¦show more content†¦A good Facility Manager should also understand what the collected data means and what it conveys to others who will look at it. To reach this level of understanding the leader must always be learning. He or she must make a habit of knowing about everything and its context. The small, the big, and the merely tangential things that affect every aspect of the domain must be areas of study for a good leader. This is an example of systems thinking as described by Daft (2015, p. 144). At the Facility Manager level, this field of inquiry might range from understanding how a custodian cleans a particular building, to what the new NPS policy regarding Recreation Fee projects means, to what the political implications of closing a particular facility are. A superb Facility Manager will understand how all of the divisions of their park operate and the outward rippling implications of the actions and decisions of each. It is an impossible task for any leader to have all of this knowledge all of the time. As a result, just as important as â€Å"knowing† is knowing when one does not know. A good leader is always able to admit a lack of expertise, will know where to go for the answer, and will not hesitate to go there and get it. Admitting lack of understanding is the first step on the road to full comprehension and a good leader will not claim more knowledge than he or she possesses. Even if it were possible to know everything about his or her domain, doing so would not be enough by

Records Management Free Essays

Both ministry of Education and school generates information on a daily business that plays a role in the daily operation of an institute that are referred to as records. This information generated is also use for projecting and planning purposes. (Managing records at school level). We will write a custom essay sample on Records Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Managing and organization student’s records into a cohesive and efficient might seem like an impossible task, but it depends how much effort is placed in it, that makes it possible. School that properly manages their records meets its legislation responsibilities, aids its administrative processes and ensures that records are stored when needed and destroyed when permissible. As a result, all schools should have records management system in place. Having already note that records are information, there are ten categories of information. Firstly, Action information which would be files that requires immediate response. In an institution, this information would be letters and request transfers. More than likely, action information is one that will benefit the institution so it should be brought to attention very quickly. Therefore, it is normally requested that action information be marked with an urgent sticker. Non- Action information is another category of information. Unlike Action information, Non-Action information is the type that does not require immediate action, but they do require an action. For example, if a new Minister of Education was assigned, then the school receives a letter of this action, there is no need for it to have an immediate response. It is important to note that non-action information is no less important than any other information. Therefore due to protocol and respect, it should be acknowledged. The third category of information is reoccurring information which can be described as data which is based on activities or event that reoccur in intervals. Examples of reoccurring information would be student’s attendance, accounting, assessment results and inventories. On the other hand, another category of information is non-reoccurring which refers to matters that may not recur on a regular basis during the life span of an organization. The fifth category of information is internal information that is generated within the organization. The purpose of internal communication is to enhance communication amongst colleagues so that work can be produce, managed and handle with confidentiality. When a school holds a meeting, this information may use for the bettering of the school. For example, letters from the head of the department to all staff concerning who should and should not be accepted in class for safety purposes. The complete opposite category of information which will be external will be for the use of outside communication. Next, Historical information is data that relates to past events and activities and is usually non action information. Also, future information is data that concern with events to come or take place. The two final categories of information are documented information that refers to information entered onto permanent records and non-documented information which is oral. Records are the evidence of what an organization does externally and internally. (ARMA 1) According to research records can also be defined as a documented proof of a transaction or activity. This may include business activities, contracts negotiations, and business and personnel file. Records are categorized into four categories. Firstly, the most important records which are classified as vital records includes will include a deed for property, contract sales, or budgets of the organization. Next, important records management will include board meeting minutes, financial and operating reports. Third, Useful Records can include product change letter and the least important type of records which is classified as non-essential will include memos like birthday parties and department newsletter. In addition to that, records come in many formats which comprises of physical paper, electronic, media and various databases. Not having a proper system to manage records of a company, business or institution can have a vast on its production. As a result, the world has been modernized with what is known as records management. Records Management can be defined as a systematic control of records throughout their lifestyle. (ARMA 1). The ISO 15489 also described records management as â€Å"the field of management that is responsible for the efficient and systematic control of the creation, receipt, maintenance, use and disposition or records, including process for capturing and maintaining evidence of and information about business activities and transaction in the orm of records. † (ISO 15489). Records Management includes setting policies and standards, assigning responsibilities and authorities, and integrating records management into business systems and processes. Records management in general plays an important role because records are information and assets that holds value for organization. Organization and institutions alike are given a responsibility to manage records to maximize profits, control cost, provide confidentiality, teach effective, and learn efficiently. At the end of the day, effective records management is required to ensure that information needed is retrievable, authentic and accurate. Just like all other business, companies and organization learning institutions are one of the most needed places for a proper and effective management system because they have task of teaching and providing a learning institutions. School records are reproductions of written records than relates to the school itself or students of the institution and they are records that should be kept under strict confidentiality. School records comprises of registers, school’s budget, students medical files, test scores and other valuable data about Administrators, teachers and students that are a part of the day to day running. Some benefits of an effective management are records are more easily identified and protected. An effective management improves storage and retrieval system as well. Next an effective records management increases productivity within the organization and it reduces cost for equipment, space and personnel’s. In the educational facilities specifically, an effective records management can first of all help save lives. Taking a look at the United States for example in a journal article that states evidence is mounting that food allergy and anaphylaxis have been increasing in school age children. It also stated that 16 % of these children have a reaction in school. It has been proven that an allergic reaction can sometimes result in death. If a record of these students health is kept, the school can be alert. Also, if so many children are starting to have this allergic reaction and the statistics continue growing, vendors can be asked to stop providing it. School records can also assist in taking caution with one education. If on a regular basis a child is evaluated for what seem to be a disorder or down syndromes, this child can be given the treatment he or she need to learn effectively. In addition to that, it is also important to manage school records effectively because the majority of the times, school records serve as the historical source. In order words, school records tell the history of the school. School records also supply information needed for outside communication such as school districts or Ministry of Education to process the planning and decision making by heads to facilitate school, staffs and students. Last but least, school records facilitates continuity in the administration of the school which can all be labeled as managing records from an administrative perspective. Though administrators keep more vital records, teachers and staff must also keep records to result in an effective, efficient and productive classroom. Teachers should keep record of parent’s communication, attendance, behavior and students portfolio. If a teacher don’t plan purposes and set up a system that will easier track grades and other important data, retrieving the information when needed will not be easy. Accurate records don’t happen unless they are properly recorded, files, stored, transfer and retrieved. In a classroom to manage records a teacher need three things. This includes a grade book, an attendance log, a student portfolio and a time management plan folder. Good and accurate records management shows when a teacher classes are faring and progress can be seen in children individual progress. Take for example, a record recording a student’s behaving that is evaluated and then sent down to the councilor. The councilor would deal with the matter and progress can be seen in the child’s behavior which will then show in their academic performance. Accurate and good records management in the classroom also makes the pupils aware of the teacher’s productivity and expectations. For example, children will be less likely to accuse the teacher of losing their work, because they witness good records management. Another positive trait of good records management from a teachers aspect is ensuring security for the child which is done by taking a classroom register. This will asses whether the child is attending school regularly and is sometimes used to keep track on compulsory education. In situations like this, a child parent can be called in or forwarded to The police department or social sevices if a child often misses school. Maintaining records is tiring and very time consuming, yet teachers are always left with this burden. Taking note of the vast amount of paperwork they have to deal with, it is sometimes relevant for them to create a simple filing system, to store and make retrieval of valuable document less difficult. There are three mean types of filing sytem use. They are alphacbetic , numerical and subject filing. According to research â€Å"the key element in making records management filing rules effective are consistency and documentation. † (ARMA Records management Quarterly 1) Consistency means rules stay the same from day to day and person to person. When different people use the same records but under different rules or procedures, consistency is said to be evaluated. How to cite Records Management, Essay examples

Summary and analysis

Introduction Ted Conover has managed to use fiction to produce a piece of art that gives a reflection of activities that take place in a normal correctional facility. He has managed to paint the picture of a standard prison to push forth his themes. This story is so real and very fascinating. It is simple in structure but with a smooth flow of ideas.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Summary and analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conover uses humor in a way that makes the story flow easily. The book is very captivating, as the author has used various stylistic devices to structure the story. As Sherman Alexei notes in the review of this book, Conover has successfully brought to surface the culture of American society in one of the most amazing pieces of literature. Summary for chapter 1: Inside Passage This chapter introduces us to the main characters and other supportive characters in this novel. We meet Co nover, who is the main character. He is has just been integrated into the system of Sing Sing prison, a large correctional facility located in New York. This facility houses over a thousand prisoners. Furthermore, working in this environment is not only daunting but also very dangerous (Conover 6). However, he manages to fit into the system, though with difficulties. Sergeant Ed Holmes, his immediate superior officer, is far from being friendly. This is shown the first time we meet him. Unlike other officers who were a little more homely, this sergeant takes pleasure in inflicting fear in other officers. The chapter closes when Conover gets to duty to guard the gates of B-Block. He replaces the female officer who then had to take a break. Analysis for chapter 1 This chapter introduces us to the main theme of this story. We are introduced to a society of American prisoners and prison warders, and the kind of lifestyle they have to live. The main protagonists are introduced and it mak es the reader grasp the general focus of what the whole book is about. It successfully introduces us to the subsequent parts of the book. Summary for chapter 2: School for Jailers This chapter is a flashback of the time when Conover was recruited to join the forces, as a correctional service officer recruit. Before, he was a journalist with New York Time Magazine. He finds life at the academy very different from what he was used to, as a civilian. In this academy, he has to put up with Sergeant Rusty Bloom. This instructor is very hash and makes life at the academy very hard. The recruits are categorically informed that they are one another’s keeper. A mistake done by any recruit would result to punishment of the whole group (Conover 13).Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The recruits had to maintain cleanliness in their dressing codes and their bodies. Time was a facto r at this academy and instructions had to be followed to the letter. At times, Conover would develop melancholic mood when he thought the comfort at home and the lectures he would give to others. He would develop a sense of nostalgia when he thought of the family. However, he had to be here and complete his course. Analysis for chapter 2 The author has used this chapter as a summary of what takes place at the training school for correctional service officers. He has used a flash back in this chapter to give a reflection of what it was like when Conover was at the training center. This chapter is important as it introduces us to the path that transformed Conover from a civilian to a uniformed officer. It also introduces the reader to the language used by these officers. Summary for chapter 3: up the river In this chapter, Conover and other graduates from Albany Training College are taken to Sing Sing prison for on-job training. Officially, this would last for four weeks. However, the conventional time would be one year before an officer would be confirmed. At first, this facility seemed fascinating to new officers. They had the opportunity to be at the famous Sing Sing Maximum Correction Facility. They had some information concerning the prison. They were stationed at different departments in the facility. They would later be taken to classes where they would be given further instructions on how to handle inmates and avoid their manipulations. As time went by, Conover started developing some sense of boredom. The fact that they had to follow some instructions daily was boring. However, the fact that he would be close to going back home was reassuring (Conover 54). Analysis for chapter 3 This chapter is a smooth continuation of chapter two. The author has ensured a flow of story. It takes us back to Sing Sing Correctional Facility. The author makes a clear description of this environment from the perspective of the recently introduced officers. The feeling creat ed in this chapter is so real. The recruits were eager to be at this facility, but after a short while, the feeling of boredom comes in when they realize that they have to follow the instructions on a daily basis. Conclusion This book has successfully brought out the picture of the correctional facilities in the United States. The first three chapters give environments of Albany Training Academy, and that of Sing Sing Maximum Security Facility. It draws attention of the reader and arouses the desire to obtain more information. Works Cited Conover, Ted. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing New York: Random House, 2000. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Summary and analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Summary and analysis was written and submitted by user Risque to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Best Practices for Subjective Test Questions

Best Practices for Subjective Test Questions Students will often find that tests become more challenging when they advance from one grade to the next, and sometimes when they move from one teacher to another. This sometimes happens because the test questions they encounter move from objective-type questions to subjective-type questions. What Is a Subjective Question? Subjective questions are questions that require answers in the form of explanations. Subjective questions include essay questions, short answer, definitions, scenario questions, and opinion questions. What Does Subjective Mean? If you look up the definition of subjective, you will see things like this: based on opinioninvolves personal feelingsdependent on conditions of the mindnonspecific Clearly, when you approach a test with subjective test questions, you should prepare to pull from the class readings and lectures for answers, but you will also use your mind and your feelings to make logical claims. You’ll have to provide examples and evidence, as well as justification for any opinions you express. Why Do Instructors Use Subjective Test Questions? When an instructor uses subjective questions on an exam, you can believe he or she has a specific reason for doing so, and that reason is to see if you really have a deep understanding of a subject. Why can you believe this with such certainty? Because grading subjective answers is harder than answering them! By creating a test with subjective questions, your teacher is setting himself/herself up for hours of grading. Think about it: if your government teacher asks three short answer questions, you have to write three paragraphs or so worth of answers. But if that teacher has 30 students, that’s 90 answers to read. And this isn’t easy reading: when teachers read your subjective answers, they have to think about them in order to evaluate them. Subjective questions create an enormous amount of work for teachers. Teachers who ask subjective questions must care about whether you are gaining a deep understanding. They want to see evidence that you understand concepts behind the facts, so you must demonstrate in your answers that you can discuss the subject matter with a well-constructed argument. Otherwise, your answers are bad answers. What Is a Bad Answer to a Subjective Question? Sometimes students are baffled when they gaze over a graded essay exam to see red marks and low scores. The confusion comes when students list relevant terms or events but fail to recognize and respond to instructional words like argue, explain, and discuss. For example, in answering the prompt â€Å"Discuss the events that led to the American Civil War,† a student might provide many full sentences that list the following: AbolitionismEnd of the Mexican-American WarFugitive Slave Act of 1850 While those events ultimately belong in your answer, it would not be sufficient for you to merely list them in sentence form. You would probably receive partial points for this answer. Instead, you must provide several sentences about each of these topics to demonstrate that you understand the historical impact of each, and explain how each event pushed the nation one step closer to war. How Do I Study for a Subjective Test? You can prepare for a test with subjective questions by creating your own practice essay tests. Use the following process: Look at headings and subheadings in your text or your notes to observe themes.Formulate your own practice essay questions (at least three) based on these themes.Write full essay answers to each question, incorporating all the important terms and dates.Practice each essay a few times until you can write it out without looking at notes. If you prepare in this way, you will be ready for all types of subjective questions.

The Best Free Book Cover Makers (and a Few Paid Ones)

The Best Free Book Cover Makers (and a Few Paid Ones) The Best Free Book Cover Makers (and a Few Paid Ones) If you're on the hunt for a free book cover maker, then you might be looking to DIY the cover design for your book.  But before we get to our recommendations, we should start with a caveat: if you’re not a professional designer and you can avoid it, don’t design your own book cover. And we all know the reason why: the cover is your book’s #1 marketing asset.Cover designer Ninai Freitas urges authors to think of book covers as a long-term investment: â€Å"It is better to have a well-designed cover that can help increase sales. You can have the best tools - such as Photoshop, Illustrator or InDesign - but these programs don’t automatically make a book cover. What counts is the person using them.†Budget naturally plays a role in an indie author’s publishing decision. On our marketplace, professional designers charge on average $650 to design a cover - however, 16% of the designers polled will often charge under $400.  But we get it: $400 is still a pretty penny. So if you’re set on designing your own cover, you know where to look for inspiration, and are willing to put in the legwork to learning a new skill, here are some resources you might consider.Let's start with a few free book cover makers: 25 Beautiful Examples of Book Illustration Read post Hot tip: To learn more about typography and book design, check out our monthly Cover Critiques on Reedsy Live.Have you used another book cover maker that you'd recommend? Leave us any thoughts or questions about book design in the comments below.

Critical Perspectives of Management and Organisations Essay

Critical Perspectives of Management and Organisations - Essay Example 87). These behaviours have become so common in the workplace to the point that they are viewed as normal and legal steps are rarely taken to discourage the same (Thomson Reuters, 2007). Although various countries have established laws to control this behaviour and minimize its effects to the employees, which are usually negative to their productivity and psychological health, most companies still tolerate them especially in the cases where seniors harass subordinates (Crosby, 2007, p. 45-50). Most of these cases are not reported as individual are usually afraid of losing their jobs. Desexualizing the work place is important both for the sake of the organization and for the employees who may become tormented by unwelcome advances of their bosses. Desexualizing is the change in direction with respect to suppressing sexuality as a way of establishing managerial control on employees. The topic of sexuality in the workplace is very important both for the employees and for the employers (O erez & Liberman, 2010, p. 102-107). The employees benefit by knowing that they have the right to be provided with a healthy working places without sexual discrimination of any kind. In addition, the topic provides information to the employees on possible steps to take in the case that they may be subjected towards sexual discrimination (Williams et al., 1999, p. 77-79). On the other hand, the employer is made aware that they may be subject to lawsuit in the event that sexual discrimination takes place in the organization and they fail to take steps to avert the same. In this essay, I am going to present the work of Katie Sullivan who outlines various claims connected to the case of sexualisation in the work place. In the essay, I am going to show how the society has accepted this behaviour and present facts to show how it can be averted especially in the profession of massage. Sullivan

Employment and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Employment and Society - Essay Example The management, which is mostly consisted of male employees, find women not flexible enough, or assume that women do not want to be relocated or put long hours for the company because of their family responsibilities. Because of this, talented and skilled women lose the opportunity to be promoted to the higher management. Although there are women being promoted to the next level, there are still several signs that the place of women in the workplace is still at a lower level compared to men. Although the compensation gap between men and women employees are slowly narrowing, women’s compensation range is still at 77% lower than men’s in a 1999 data (Gregory, 2). By 2000, 46.5% of the US workforce are women but only 11.7% have held board of director positions and only 12.5% are corporate officers (Gregory, 2). Sadly, women themselves have unwittingly become the perpetuator of their own discrimination. Some women do not recognize that a certain policy is discriminatory in nature. Others, who recognize the discrimination, do not want to become involved in legal proceedings. Or are scared of losing their jobs or think that it is useless to bother with such issues as all other workplace are also infested with discrimination. There have been various laws that were passed to ensure that women get an equal opportunity in the workplace. This proves that the course towards gender equality in the workplace is on the works.